Ko Dang
Ko Dang existed in 1965, but was removed from the official ITF syllabus in the 1980s and replaced by Juche. My organization practices the original Ko Dang - not the renamed Juche - so I am quite familiar with it. If your "Ko Dang" contains difficult jumping kicks, you are actually doing Juche. More information on this can be found on the page for Juche.
Ko Dang was originally the 18th pattern of 20. It seems to primarily borrow from Jion, but due to its repetitive nature, does not closely resemble any one pattern in particular.
The following videos were used as reference:
Ko Dang performance from the defunct hyong.net
Hirokazu Kanazawa performing Jion, Hangetsu, Bassai-Dai (Shotokan).
"Shotokan Sensei" Paul Walker performing Jion.
Finding a good video of Ko Dang was difficult for a few reasons. The ITF removed it from their syllabus in the 1980s, which means that there is no official video from them. Many schools continue to practice Juche, but renamed it Ko Dang, so many videos have misleading titles. On top of that, of those that do practice the real Ko Dang, some of them do it with slight variations.
Ko Dang moves backward then works it way forward to its starting position, which seems to be unique.
Ko Dang's first movements are done on both 45 degree angles moving backward.
Jion opens with a backward step similar to Ko Dang's 4th movement, then moves to the 45 degree angles.
Movement 9 in Ko Dang resembles another from Jion (center). It is done standing on one foot in Chinte (right).
I have seen Ko Dang performed without the above hand position in an otherwise excellent video. It caused me to consider that perhaps older versions of the pattern were different. After consulting the book, I confirmed that the position existed in 1965. For a moment, I thought that I had discovered a major change in the pattern before realizing that the numbers for these two photos were switched and it was only printing error. Movement number 15 is the downward elbow, and 9 is the movement above.
Ko Dang continues with two slow motion pressing blocks found in Enpi, previously seen in Kwang Gae.
Next, Ko Dang performs two downward blocks, not low blocks (or low section blocks as the encyclopedia refers to them), which are also found in Jion. Notice how Kanazawa does not chamber the arm across the body: in Shotokan, this is a hammerfist, as per Paul Walker (video up top). Some perform Ko Dang with low blocks here, but they were distinctly different in 1965 and that is how I practice them today.
Ko Dang's low punch is found in Hangetsu, and notable only because of how rare low punches like this are.
Ko Dang's jumping backfist could be Pinan/Heian Yondan's, previously seen in Yul Gok.
Ko Dang ends with knife hand blocks to both sides, as does Passai-Dai, and a few others.
